Bee Stings, Insect Bites, and Allergy: What You Should Know 

By Dr. Amit Kumar, allergist at Southern New Hampshire Asthma and Allergy 

Most insect bites and bee stings cause mild pain, redness, or swelling that heals on its own. But for some people, a sting or bite can lead to a serious allergic reaction. Knowing the warning signs can help you get care quickly and stay safe.  

Why can bee/insect stings be dangerous? 

A serious insect allergy can cause anaphylaxis, which is a severe allergic reaction. This reaction can happen within minutes. Anaphylaxis can affect breathing, blood pressure, skin, and other parts of the body. Bee stings and other stinging insects are a well-known cause of anaphylaxis.  

Emergency warning signs after a sting include: 

• Trouble breathing 
• Swelling of the lips, tongue, face, or throat 
• Hives over large areas of the body 
• Dizziness or fainting 
• A fast, weak pulse 
• Nausea, vomiting, or feeling suddenly very ill 

These symptoms are different from the usual pain, itching, or swelling around the sting or bite. A large local reaction can be uncomfortable, but a whole-body reaction is much more serious.  

Who should get checked for a bee/insect sting allergy? 

You should talk with an allergist if you have had more than a mild skin reaction after a sting or bite, especially if you had symptoms away from the area of the sting or had trouble breathing, hives, or fainting.  

How is a bee/insect sting allergy diagnosed? 

Diagnosis starts with your story. Your allergist will ask: 

• What insect caused the sting or bite, if known 
• What symptoms you have 
• How fast the symptoms start 
• How long they last 
• What treatment you need 

Testing may include skin testing and sometimes blood testing to look for allergy antibodies to insect venoms. The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology encourages people who have had a whole-body reaction to an insect sting to be evaluated by an allergist, often with skin testing or blood testing. 

What should you do if you think you have an allergy? 

If you have signs of a severe allergic reaction, use epinephrine right away if it has been prescribed and call 911.  

If you think you may be allergic but have never been tested: 

• Make an appointment with an allergist 
• Write down what happened, including the insect if you saw it 
• Take photos of the reaction if you can 
• Do not ignore symptoms that involve more than the skin around the sting or bite 

Can a sting allergy be treated? 

Yes. For people with serious reactions to insect stings, treatment may include carrying epinephrine and, in some cases, allergy shots called venom immunotherapy. This treatment can reduce or prevent future severe reactions in people whose anaphylaxis is triggered by insect stings.  

Final thought 

Most bites and stings are minor. But if a reaction is fast, severe, or affects the whole body, it should be taken seriously. The right diagnosis can help protect you and give you peace of mind. 

If you have concerns about reactions to bee or insect stings, our team at Southern New Hampshire Asthma and Allergy is here to help. We care for patients of all ages, helping them stay active and healthy while managing allergies, asthma, and related conditions. Patients are welcomed into a friendly, supportive environment where experienced physicians take the time to explain symptoms, identify triggers, and create a personalized care plan. Using the latest testing and screening methods, our team works closely with your primary care provider and collaborates with other specialists when needed to ensure you receive the most effective care. Call 603-577-3065 for an appointment today!  

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Dr. Amit Kumar is double-board-certified in Internal Medicine and Allergy/Immunology and in practice at Southern New Hampshire Asthma and Allergy of Southern New Hampshire Health, a non-profit healthcare system in Nashua, New Hampshire.